Fluoride's Neurological Effects: studies show there may be grave implications for
Alzheimers, Dementia, Attention Deficit Disorder, reduced IQ in children
Neurotoxicity of fluoride
, Fluoride
, 1996, 29:2, 57-58 (Editorial by AWB and JC)
The August 1995 issue of this journal contained an abstract (pages 151-152) of an interesting paper by Dr Phyllis Mullenix and her collaborators.1 They recorded behavioral changes in rats after ingestion of fluoride, and found that the severity of the effect on behavior increased directly with plasma fluoride levels and fluoride concentration in specific brain regions. A reading of the full paper is well worthwhile. In their Introduction, after referring to the increase in dental fluorosis in humans after decades of water fluoridation, the authors comment:
“One concern that has not been fully investigated is the link between fluoride and effects an the central nervous system (CNS)…. Many years of ubiquitous fluoride exposure have not resulted in obvious CNS problems such as seizures, lethargy, salivation, tremors, paralysis, or sensory deficits. Still unexplored, however, is the possibility that fluoride exposure is linked with subtle brain dysfunction.”
The carefully designed animal experiment which they report revealed subtle but very real changes in behavior patterns following fluoride ingestion: hyperactivity after prenatal exposure, and cognitive deficits after weanling and adult exposure. Fluoride accumulation in important regions of the rat brain, especially the hippocampus, was found to increase as the drinking water fluoride levels increased. These effects, and the sex differences observed, corresponded to those observed in other studies of hippocampal brain damage.
The authors point out that the plasma fluoride levels recorded in the rats were the same as those sometimes recorded in humans – for example, in children one hour after receiving topical fluoride treatment of their teeth. In their conclusion calling for further rat and human studies they state:
“Experience with other developmental neurotoxicants prompt expectations that changes in behavioral function will be comparable across species, especially humans and rats. Of course behaviors per se do not extrapolate, but a generic behavioral pattern disruption as found in this rat study can be indicative of a potential for motor dysfunction, IQ deficits and/or learning disabilities in humans.”
The authors draw attention to reports from Chinese investigators that high levels of fluoride in drinking water (3-11 ppm) affect the central nervous system directly without first causing the physical deformations of skeletal fluorosis.2-4 Readers of Fluoride will recall the recent (November 1995) research report from China indicating adverse neurological effects on the brain from fluoride exposure.5 This work also suggested that children with dental fluorosis are at greater risk of decreased mental acuity. One can only wonder whether the effects of fluoridated water might extend beyond the appearance of the teeth and include neurotoxicity among children afflicted with dental fluorosis.
Some of our readers may recall also pertinent early clinical findings reported by our founding editor, Dr G L Waldbott, of which Dr Mullenix and her co-workers do not appear to have been aware. These involved a wide range of reversible toxic effects of fluoridated drinking water, including diminished mental acuity and impairment of memory.6-8 In a separate report, Dr Waldbott even gave an account, supported by laboratory data, of a case of tetaniform convulsions induced by drinking fluoridated drinking water.9 For decades proponents of water fluoridation have questioned the validity of these reports without, however, offering objective evidence to refute them. But in the light of the human research in China and now the animal research in the United States, these clinical observations by Dr Waldbott on the neurotoxicity of fluoride in drinking water clearly deserve greater attention and credence. [references not scanned]
Fluoride exposure is an important public health problem in several Mexican states. In the city of San Luis Potosi, Mexico, above 90% of the children have some degree of dental fluorosis. The main source of exposure to fluoride is tap water. The objective of the study was to evaluate the influence of chronic exposure to fluoride on neuropsychological development in children. Sixty-one children aged 6 to 8 years were included. Fluoride concentration in tap water ranged from 1.2 to 3 mg/L. Fluoride exposure was measured in urine samples by electrothermal ion selective method. Blood lead (PbB) was measured as indicator of lead exposure by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Height for age index (HAI) was calculated as indicator of past nutritional status. Three tests were used to evaluate the neuropsychological development: (1) Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children Revisited version for Mexico (WISC-RM), (2) Rey Osterrelth-Complex Figure test and (3) Continuos Performance Test (CPT). Mean value of fluoride in urine was 4.3 mgF/g creatinine (1.6-10.8). Mean PhB value was 6.2 ug/dl (2.0-15.6). After controlling by significant confounders, urinary fluoride correlated positively with reaction time and inversely with the scores in visuospatial organization. IQ scores were not influenced by fluoride exposure. An increase in reaction time could affect the attention process, also the low scores in visuospatial organization could be affecting the reading and writing abilities in these children.
University of North Caroline. Email:
Jaqueline.Calderon@sph-unc.edu
Guan ZZ, Wang YN, Xiao KQ, Dai DY, Chen YH, Liu JL, Sindelar P, Dallner G, Influence of chronic fluorosis on membrane lipids in rat brain. Neurotoxicol Teratol 1998 Sep-Oct;20(5):537-42
Brain membrane lipid in rats were analyzed after being fed either 30 or 100 ppm fluoride for 3, 5, and 7 months. The protein content of brain with fluorosis decreased, whereas the DNA content remained stable during the entire period of investigation. After 7 months of fluoride treatment, the total brain phospholipid content decreased by 10% and 20% in the 30 and 100 ppm fluoride groups, respectively. The main species of phospholipid influenced by fluorosis were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, and phosphatidylserine. The fatty acid and aldehyde compositions of individual phospholipid classes were unchanged. No modifications could be detected in the amounts of cholesterol and dolichol. After 3 months of fluoride treatment, ubiquinone contents in brain were lower; however, at 7 months they were obviously increased in both groups of fluoride treatment. The results demonstrate that the contents of phospholipid and ubiquinone are modified in brains affected by chronic fluorosis and these changes of membrane lipids could be involved in the pathogenesis of this disease. Department of Pathology, Guiyang Medical College, Guizhou, China.
jialiul@public.gy.gz.cn
Jope RS , Modulation of phosphoinositide hydrolysis by NaF and aluminum in rat cortical slices.
J Neurochem
1988 Dec;51(6):1731-6
NaF stimulated phosphoinositide hydrolysis in rat cortical slices. The production of [3H]inositol monophosphate was rapid for the first 15 min of incubation with NaF, followed by a plateau. The major product detected was [3H]inositol monophosphate, although significant amounts of [3H]inositol bisphosphate and [3H]inositol trisphosphate were also produced. The stimulation of [3H]inositol monophosphate production by NaF was concentration dependent between 2 and 20 mM NaF. Addition of 10 or 100 microM AlCl3 or aluminum maltol did not alter the effect of NaF, whereas at 500 microM, these aluminum preparations resulted in significant inhibition. Increasing the concentration of K+ from 5 to 20 mM potentiated [3H]inositol monophosphate production induced by carbachol but not by NaF. Incubation with 1 microM phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, a phorbol ester, inhibited carbachol-induced, but not NaF-induced, [3H]inositol monophosphate production. These results further support the hypothesis that a guanine nucleotide binding protein that can be activated by NaF is involved in phosphoinositide hydrolysis in brain. The use of NaF provides a means to bypass receptors to study intracellular regulatory sites of phosphoinositide metabolism without disrupting cells.
Department of Pharmacology and Neuropsychiatry Research Program, University of Alabama, Birmingham.
Kay AR
, Miles R, Wong RK, Intracellular fluoride alters the kinetic properties of calcium currents facilitating the investigation of synaptic events in hippocampal neurons. J Neurosci 1986 Oct;6(10):2915-20
We have attempted to suppress voltage-dependent conductances in hippocampal neurons by introducing various intracellular agents. Voltage-clamp studies were carried out using acutely dissociated hippocampal neurons from adult guinea pigs. Synaptic events were examined using intracellular recordings in the slice preparation. Sodium conductance was suppressed when the quaternary lidocaine derivative QX 314 was introduced intracellularly. Potassium conductances were blocked by intracellular cesium or Tris. We also found that the anion fluoride could affect calcium conductance by an intracellular action. When anions other than fluoride were used for intracellular recordings, the voltage-dependent calcium current inactivated slowly and showed persistent activation at membrane potentials between -40 and -10 mV. In contrast, when fluoride was present intracellularly, the inactivation kinetics of the calcium current were accelerated and the persistent component of the current was largely suppressed. Intracellular recordings in the hippocampal slice showed that when electrodes contained cesium, QX 314, and fluoride, the spiking and nonlinear responses of the neuronal membrane to depolarization were blocked. In these conditions the time course and voltage-dependence of EPSPs could be examined in detail without complications due to voltage-dependent currents of the postsynaptic cell.
Li Y
, Li X, Wei S, Effect of excessive fluoride intake on mental work capacity of children and a preliminary study of its mechanism,
Hua Hsi I Ko Ta Hsueh Hsueh Pao
,1994 Jun, 25 :2, 188-191 (Translated from Chinese)
We made an investigation in 157 children, aged 12-13, born and grew up in a coal burning pattern endemic fluorosis area and an experiment on excessive fluoride intake in rat. The results showed: (1) Excessive fluoride intake since early childhood would reduce mental work capacity (MWC) and hair zinc content: (2) The effect on zinc metabolism was a mechanism of influence on MWC by excessive fluoride intake; (3) Excessive fluoride intake decreased 5-hydroxy indole acetic acid and increased norepinephrine in rat brain; whether this is also a mechanism of the influence on MWC awaits confirmation.
Li XS
, Zhi JL, Gao RO, Effect of Fluoride Exposure on Intelligence in Children,
Fluoride , 1995 Nov, 28:4, pp 189-192
The intelligence was measured of 907 children aged 8-13 years living in areas which differed in the amount of fluoride present in the environment. The Intelligence Quotient (IQ) of children living in areas with a medium or severe prevalence of fluorosis was lower than that of children living in areas with only a slight fluorosis or no fluorosis. The development of intelligence appeared to be adversely affected by fluoride in the areas with a medium or severe prevalence of fluorosis but to a minor extent only in areas with only a slight prevalence of fluorosis. A high fluoride intake was associated with a lower intelligence. No correlation was found between age and intelligence in the areas with a medium and severe prevalence of fluorosis. The effect of exposure to a high level of fluoride on intelligence may occur at an early stage of development of the embryo and infant when the differentiation of brain nerve cells is occurring and development is most rapid.
Liu WX
, Experimental study of behavior and cerebral morphology of rat pups generated by fluorotic female rat,
Chung-hua Ping Li Hsueh Tsa Chih , 1989 Dec, 18:4, 290-292 (Article in Chinese)
In order to study the effects of fluoride on the central nervous system, 33-42-day old rat pups generated by three groups of female Wistar rats, which were given distilled water containing 0, 30 and 60 ppm NaF respectively beforehand as drinking water for 85 days, were used for behavior test and cerebral morphological examination. The results of behavior test showed that the latent period of pain reaction and that of conditioned reflex in the 30 ppm F and 60 ppm F groups were longer than that in the control group (P less than 0.05 or P less than 0.01). morphological examination of the pup brains showed that the nerve cell density of the 60 ppm F group was higher than that of the control group (P less than 0.05). Electronmicroscopically, mild degeneration of organelles of the nerve cells was observed in those brains of the 60 ppm F group.
Masters RD and Coplan M, Study finds correlation between fluorides in water and lead levels , Dartmouth College News Release, and Poisoning the Well: Neurotoxic Metals, Water Treatment, and Human Behavior – Plenary Address to the Annual Conference of the Association for Politics and the Life Sciences
Mattsson JL
, Albee RR, Eisenbrandt DL Chang LW, Subchronic neurotoxicity in rats of the structural fumigant, sulfuryl fluoride,
Neurotoxicol-Teratol
, 1988 Mar-Apr, 10:2, 127-133
Inhalation exposure of male and female Fischer 344 rats to sulfuryl fluoride [Vikane (Dow Chemical Company) gas fumigant] at 300 ppm for 6 hr/day, 5 days week, for 13 weeks caused diminished wight gain, dental fluorosis, a slight decrease in grooming, decreased flicker fusion threshold, slowing of flash, auditory and somatosensory evoked potentials, mild nasal and pulmonary inflammation, mild kidney effects, and mild vacuolation in the brain. Auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) and brain histology were evaluated two months postexposure in 2 male and 2 female rats. Both the ABRs and brain histology were within normal limits at this time, indicating that these treatment effects were, to at least a great extent, reversible. Exposure to 100 ppm resulted in dental fluorosis and very minor slowing of some evoked responses; all other measures, including brain histology, were normal. No treatment effects were noted at 30 ppm.
Mullenix PJ , Denbesten PK, Schunior A, Kernan WJ, Neurotoxicity of sodium fluoride in rats, Neurotoxicology Teratology,
1995 March,17(2):169-177.
Fluoride (F) is known to affect mineralizing tissues, but effects upon the developing brain have not been previously considered. This study in Sprague-Dawley rats compares behavior, body weight, plasma and brain F levels after sodium fluoride (NaF) exposures during late gestation, at weaning or in adults. For prenatal exposures, dams received injections (SC) of 0.13 mg/kg NaF or saline on gestational days 14-18 or 17-19. Weanlings received drinking water containing 0, 75, 100, or 125 ppm F for 6 or 20 weeks, and 3 month-old adults received water containing 100 ppm F for 6 weeks. Behavior was tested in a computer pattern recognition system that classified acts in a novel environment and quantified act initiations, total times and time structures. Fluoride exposures caused sex- and dose-specific behavioral deficits with a common pattern. Males were most sensitive to prenatal day 17-19 exposure, whereas females were more sensitive to weanling and adult exposures. After fluoride ingestion, the severity of the effect on behavior increased directly with plasma F levels and F concentrations in specific brain regions. Such association is important considering that plasma levels in this rat model (0.059 to 0.640 ppm F) are similar to those reported in humans exposed to high levels of fluoride
. [emphasis added] See also brain2.htm
by Dr. P.J. Mullenix
Spittle B , Psychopharmacology of fluoride: a review, Int Clin Psychopharmacol, 9:2, 1994 Summer, 79-82
Although the blood-brain barrier is relatively impermeable to fluoride, it does not pose an absolute barrier and fluoride has the ability to enter the brain. The literature was examined to assess the quality of the evidence for cerebral impairment occurring due to exposure to fluoride from therapeutic or environmental sources. Several surveys of persons chronically exposed to industrial fluoride pollution reported symptoms related to impaired central nervous system functioning with impaired cognition and memory. Examination of individual case reports showed the evidence for aetiological relationships between symptoms and fluoride exposure to be of variable quality. The evidence was seen as being suggestive of a relationship rather than being definitive. The difficulties with concentration and memory described in relation to exposure to fluoride did not occur in isolation but were accompanied by other symptoms of which general malaise and fatigue were central. Possible mechanisms whereby fluoride could affect brain function include influencing calcium currents, altering enzyme configuration by forming strong hydrogen bonds with amide groups, inhibiting cortical adenylyl cyclase activity and increasing phosphoinositide hydrolysis.
[editor's note: this review was published before
Mullenix et al
., completed their ground-breaking study. The blood-brain barrier is penetrated by fluoride] Strunecká A, Patoèka J , Pharmacological implications of aluminofluoride complexes, a review of the evidence for pathophysiological effects of aluminium and fluoride on living organism
This study describes alterations in the nervous system resulting from chronic administration of the fluoroaluminum complex (AlF3) or equivalent levels of fluoride (F) in the form of sodium-fluoride (NaF). Twenty seven adult male Long-Evans rats were administered one of three treatments for 52 weeks: the control group was administered double distilled deionized drinking water (ddw). The aluminum-treated group received ddw with 0.5 ppm AlF3 and the NaF group received ddw with 2.1 ppm NaF containing the equivalent amount of F as in the AlF3 ddw. Tissue aluminum (Al) levels of brain, liver and kidney were assessed with the Direct Current Plasma (DCP) technique and its distribution assessed with Morin histochemistry. Histological sections of brain were stained with hematoxylin & eosin (H&E), Cresyl violet, Bielschowsky silver stain, or immunohistochemically for beta-amyloid, amyloid A, and IgM. No differences were found between the body weights of rats in the different treatment groups although more rats died in the AlF3 group than in the control group. The Al levels in samples of brain and kidney were higher in both the AlF3 and NaF groups relative to controls. The effects of the two treatments on cerebrovascular and neuronal integrity were qualitatively and quantitatively different. These alterations were greater in animals in the AlF3 group than in the NaF group and greater in the NaF group than in controls. Copyright 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. Psychology Department, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY, USA.
Varner JA
, Jensen KF, Horvath W, Issacson RL, The Neurotoxicological Evaluation Of The Chronic Administration Of Aluminum-Fluoride and Sodium-Fluoride, Society for Neuroscience Annual Meeting; San Diego, CA, 1995 Nov, abstract.
This study examined the neurotoxic consequences of the chronic ingestion of AlF
3
and the equivalent fluoride concentration given as low doses of NaF in drinking water. Twenty seven male LE rats, 3.5 – 4.5 months of age, were studied. The animals were divided into 3 groups based on the contents of the drinking water: control, NaF, or AlF
group were more apparent in the left hemisphere cortex but changes were found in the right hemisphere hippocampus. Hippocampal argentophillic reactions were common in both treated groups. Beta amyloid reaction product was enhanced in the thalamus in both toxin groups. More IgM antibody reaction product was found in the right hemisphere cortices of rats in both treated groups. Overall brain and kidney Al content was higher in both toxin groups relative to controls. Indications of glomerular disease were found in both treated groups. This reduction and/or abnormal appearance of cells, the presence of beta-amyloid, IgM, and Al indicate that AlF
3
is neurotoxic when chronically administered in the drinking water of rats. The abnormal appearance of cells and the presence of beta-amyloid, IgM, and Al suggest that NaF also induces neurotoxicity, although somewhat different than that found after AlF 3 .
: "Rats fed the highest doses developed irregular mincing steps characteristic of senile animals.... Post mortem examination of the rat brains disclosed 'substantial cell loss in structures associated with dementia -- the neo-cortex and hippocampus'."]
Yang Y
, Wang X, Guo X, Effects of high iodine and high fluorine on children’s intelligence and the metabolism of iodine and fluorine,
Chung Hua Liu Hsing Ping Hsueh Tsa Chih
, 1994 Oct, 15 (5), 296-298 (Translated from Chinese).
An investigation on children’s intelligence and the metabolism of iodine and fluorine in high iodine and fluorine regions was carried out. The results were as follows. In high iodine and high fluorine areas, the thyroid enlargement prevalence rate among inhabitants and that among children were 3.8% and 29.8%, respectively. The dental fluorosis prevalence rate among inhabitants and that among children was 35.48% and 72.9%, respectively. The pupils’ average intelligence quotient (IQ) was 76.67 ± 7.75, slightly lower than the control point, but that of low intelligent pupils was 16.7%. The urinary iodine and urinary fluoride were 816.25 ± 1.80 micrograms/L and 2.08 ± 1.03 mg/L, respectively, markedly higher than the control point. The thyroid iodine-131 (131I) uptake rate was markedly lower than the control point. The values at 3 h and 24 h were 9.36 ± 1.55% and 9.26 ± 4.63%, respectively. The serum TSH was obviously higher than the control point. These results indicate that high iodine and high fluorine exert severe damage to human body.
Zhao LB
, Liang GH, Zhang DN, Wu XR, Effect of a high fluoride water supply on children’s intelligence,
Fluoride, 1996, 29:4, 190-192
Abstract: In Shanxi Province, China, children living in the endemic fluoride village of Sima (water supply F=4.12 mg/L) located near Xiaoyi City had average IQ (97.69) significantly lower (p Introduction: It has been reported that fluoride can penetrate the fetal blood-brain barrier and accumulate in cerebral tissue before birth, 1 thereby apparently affecting children’s intelligence. 2 In the present study, conducted in April 1993, this hypothesis was further investigated by comparing the performance on IQ tests administered to 320 randomly selected children, age 7 to 14, residing in central Shanxi Province, China, in two suburban villages with significantly different fluoride content in drinking water. [...] Discussion: The results of this study indicated that intake of high-fluoride drinking water from before birth has a significant deleterious influence on children’s IQ in on of two similar villages. No real differences were found for gender. In the high-fluoride village of Sima the number of children with IQ of 69 or below was six times that in the healthier low-fluoride village of Xinghua. There were also fewer children (20) in Sima with superior IQ scores of 120 or higher than the number (27) in Xinghua. Moreover, the fact that the IQ scores increased more slowly with age in Sima than in Xinghua supports the view that exposure to high levels of fluoride in utero exerts a cumulative adverse effect that is not overcome with increasing age in a high-fluoride community.
References
He H, Chen ZS, Liu XM, The effects of fluoride on the human embryo,
Chinese Journal of Control of Epidemic Diseases , 1989, 4, 136-137. Cheng YX, IQ of children in areas of high fluorine content, Chinese Journal of Control of Endemic Diseases, Supplement 1991.
RELATED ARTICLES
Ding LI , The nervous systemic complications of chronic fluorosis. Chinese Journal of Endemiology , 1983, 2, 97-98.
Hu YH
, Direct damage on nervous system by fluorosis. Compilation of First Conference on Neuropsychiatric Diseases in Xinjian, (1982), 86-88. Shung-Guan CM
, et al., The non-skeletal lesions of endemic fluorosis,
Chinese Journal of Internal Medicine
, 1982, 21, 217-219.
Du L , Wan CW, Cao XM, The influence of chronic fluorosis on the development of the brain of the human embryo, Journal of Fluorosis Research Communications
, 1991, 138
Christopher-Peter <0.02) mg/L; average IQ = 105.21). These differences were not associated with gender, but the IQ scores were directly related to educational level of the parents.
March 17th, 2010 at 9:03 AM
It was determined since 2004, through testing by various water utilities, whereby it had been discovered, that anywhere from 300, to 316 contaminants or pollutants, were found to exist in the tap water that Americans normally drink.
several states across the contiguous U.S., are artificially fluoridating their drinking water supplies, with toxic industrial chemical pollutants, e.g., Fluorosilicic Acid/Hydrofluorosilicic Acid (HFS/HFSA).
This malicious malpractice, or premeditated act, whereby official governmental agencies, are intentionally polluting drinking water supplies and, with poisonous (SKULL AND BONES) industrial pollutants, is widely being carried out.
It is also a common practice; recommended by the FEDERAL government, and implemented by many provincial and municipal governments across Canada too.
These fluoride chemicals, normally of “commercial grade,” are available 365 days a year, and typically from the State of Florida. The use of these chemicals, to artificially fluoridate drinking water supplies, is condoned by many publicly elected politicians. Therefore; certain politicians, and or civil service employees, are intentionally complicit in this premeditated contamination of our drinking water, with otherwise known to be; toxic, corrosive and carcinogenic industrial pollutants. Knowingly and purposely; it is purchased from CORPORATE suppliers, only to be added to our drinking water, further increasing the already heavy burdens, of contaminants in our body systems.
9 million consume alcohol in dangerous degree. We have 1.3 million serious addicts with about 75,000 deaths per year
16 Million smokers and 140,000 deaths per year
1.4 to 1.9 million drug addicts
sum up, consume about 30% of the population regularly dangerous drugs.
contrast, 1% or 800,000 are regular users of illicit drugs with about 1,500 deaths a year.
fact is thus:
is that the consumption of illegal drugs to alcohol, nicotine and drugs virtually meaningless.
that the consumption of dangerous drugs in Germany is legal and widely disseminated, and the state so strongly deserves
The first result is thus: Who
to ban drugs, it must also necessarily advocate a ban on alcohol and nicotine. Anything else would be an untenable double standard.
As the state controlled the use of drugs?
In the case of legal drugs take the state on taxes and education have a significant impact on consumption (eg taxes on alcohol in Scandinavia, warnings on cigarette packs, ban on advertising, banning the consumption of the public etc).
What happens when the state declared as illegal drugs?
We saw very beautiful in the American prohibition. The state is on the active control of the market, leaving that instead organized crime. Consumption (the market) but it is not a limit order. The same can be experienced now with the cocaine trade in Mexico or Colombia. Rather than raise taxes on the consumption of drugs, the state must spend now, however, significant resources to curb organized crime again, he has created with the prohibition in the first place.
declare the state a drug illegal
he is the active control over the use of the drug on
leaving the state in control of the market to organized crime
avoid the state taxes to a good extent
the consumption the Drug is not contained
wasted instead of the State funds for significant tax permanently ineffective enforcement of bans
result
The consumption of drugs is largely independent of the laws. There is a constant demand, a market, and therefore always trade.
The consumption of drugs can only be controlled through taxation and education
The question whether a drug is legal or not decide solely on who controlled the market
In other words, declares
of State for illegal drug , subsidizes and promotes it organized crime, thus creating a legal vacuum dispense with tax revenue during the same time he wasted considerable tax revenue.
What is organized crime?
I think that can best be seen in Mexico or Colombia. So alone in Mexico last year came in the war on drugs more than 7700 people died. are produced in the countries in the drug cartels control whole regions, keep people in part in slave-like conditions and are a state within a state.
In other words,
Explains the Company with an illegal drug for the company to the highest degree is immoral and economically stupid.
The bottom line is simple. All drugs should be legalized. Everything else can be justified neither logical nor moral.
Or vice versa: the prohibition of drugs only be justified by using double standards ;-).
However, it must also be a clearly stated. Non-dangerous drugs are not.
"Mind Control" theories and techniques of mass media
Submitted by lupo cattivo are on 17/3/2010
of Rocco church / Dr. Tim O'Shea
the shackles of mental control, perceptual filtering and cultural conditioning today to strip heavier than ever before.
We are conditioned, programmable test system, which World has ever seen. Not only do our thoughts and attitudes are continuously formed and shaped, our whole consciousness seems to be subtly and inexorably erased. The doors of our perception are carefully controlled and precise.
It is an exhausting and endless task to explain to people constantly, as are most things of their everyday scientific wisdom planted over a thousand media clips into the public consciousness.
To save time, you now know, first a little background information about the handling in this country. Once the basics of how our current system of media control has been erected history shows, were more likely you will be able to make any report in today's message in question:
If everyone believes something, it's probably wrong
. We call this wisdom daily. In America, everyday wisdom of mass acceptance - to put it in a nutshell - usually caused by:
Someone has paid for it!
Examples:
drugs make you healthy
make vaccination immune
No child can not vaccinated at school come
If a child is sick, it needs antibiotics
The cure for cancer is imminent
chemotherapy and radiation therapy are effective treatments for cancer
hospitals are safe and clean
meat is healthy Animal protein is important for our diet
whether one is fat or not depends on whether on how much you eat (calorie count!)
milk is a good supplier of calcium.
Vitamin C is ascorbic acid. aspirin protects against heart attack.
heart medicine to strengthen the heart. pregnancy is a serious medical condition.
If your child has an ear infection is found, antibiotics should be administered immediately, "just in case." pediatricians are the best trained of all medical specialists.
The goal of the health care industry is health. HIV is the cause of AIDS.
AZT is the cure.
AD (H) S is produced by a metabolic disorder in the brain
(and the solution for Ritalin or similar means) without vaccination, the disease would return.
fluoride in drinking water protects your teeth.
flu vaccine protects against flu.
vaccines have been tested thoroughly before being admitted.
doctors are sure that the benefits of vaccines far outweigh the potential risks involved.
Chronic pain is a normal part of aging. soy is your healthiest source of protein.
insulin injections cure diabetes. In diabetes, eating meat is safe.
If we have removed your gallbladder can eat what you want. Osteoarthritis is not curable.
Germany is iodine deficient area
This list of illusions has billions and billions U.S. dollars cost to be summoned.
Have you ever wondered why you never see the president speak in public, unless he reads from? Or why most people of this country in general about the above things in mind in a similar way?
How it started
In the book "Trust Us We're Experts" ("
Trust us, we are experts
"), the authors John Stauber and Sheldon Rampton compiled some startling information that the science of producing a "public opinion" in America describe (one to one to Germany transferable).
you trace the modern public influence to the early last century, illuminate the work of guys like Edward L. Bernays, the father of the rotation. Bernays from his own amazing chronicle entitled "Propaganda" we learn how Edward L. Bernays
the ideas of his famous uncle Sigmund Freud took
and the nascent science of mass persuasion "-medication. The only difference was that the principles not to Bernays used to uncover hidden motives in the human subconscious, but in order to disguise intentions and to create illusions, purely for profit people cheated and falsified facts.
The father of the rotation
Bernays dominated the PR industry since the 30's and was good for 40 years after a major power. All the while Bernays took on hundreds of different jobs in order to create the public perception of an idea or product or (ver-) form.
As a newcomer to the Committee on Public Information (Committee on Public Information) was one of his first orders, the American public to the First World War to sell the idea that "the world safer for democracy." (A principle that since the serve by the Americans for nearly all of their wars had: From the Second World War, through Vietnam and Korean War, until the recent days.
few years later, Bernays was the masterstroke to popularize the idea of cigarette-smoking women. In organizing the 1929 Easter Parade in New York City, Bernays showed that he is a force that could be reckoned with.
He organized the brigade "torches of freedom", which suffragettes marched in the cigarette smoke as a sign of women's liberation. That event resulted in such publicity, that women openly since their lungs in the Public ruined, as it has always did the men.
Bernays also made the utterly nonsensical idea of bacon for breakfast popular. As one who does not tee off the challenges, he set up together with the AMA (American Medical Association, American Medical Association) an advertising structures, which lasted almost 50 years, the "proof" that cigarettes are healthy. Have a look to calm in times of spending time or Life in the 40s or 50s.
During the next decades Bernays and his colleagues developed the principles by which masses of people through messages which are repeated hundreds of times, could be affected.
Nazis and Propaganda
When the value of the media was seen attempting to other countries to follow our tracks. But Bernays was the gold standard.
Goebbels, Hitler's propaganda minister, studied the principles Bernays when he developed the popular basis on which he wanted to convince the Germans that they should clean their race. (Stauber).
Bernays was the object, straighten matters to create an artificial image, which moves a particular product or idea in a desirable light. Bernays described the public as a "herd, which must be conducted". This herd-like thinking makes people "susceptible to leadership." He never gave it on his first principle, "to control the masses without their knowledge."
The best PR is when people do not notice how they are affected
.
Stauber describes Bernays
reasoning as follows-" The scientific manipulation of public opinion was necessary to overcome chaos and conflict in a democratic society "
posed These early mass influencers, as they would make a moral service to the general humanity - Democracy is too good for the people;. One must tell him what to think about it because it is capable by itself not to rational thinking. Great people figures must cooperate in this manner if they are to live together in a balanced functioning society.
In almost every act of our lives, whether in the sphere of politics or in business, in our social behavior and our ethical thinking, we are a relatively small number dominated by people who understand the mental processes and behavior patterns of the masses. !
" I know of no safe trustee of the ultimate power of society as the people themselves, and if we the people not enlightened enough to hold to perform this check with benevolent care, then the remedy is not, they take away them, but to sharpen their care. "
Bernays believed that only a few of the necessary insight into the overall picture to this" sacred task to be entrusted. " And by chance he thought he was one of those few.
Here the money comes into play
Once the possibilities of applying Freudian psychology were detected on the mass media, Bernays was able to cope with more corporate customers than he. Global corporations rushed in from all directions in order to court the new image maker. There were dozens of goods, services and ideas that are sold to a susceptible public should be. Over the years, these players have had the money to make their pictures come true.
Philip Morris (one of the largest tobacco companies, manufacturers of, for example Marlboro)
Pfizer (pharmaceutical manufacturer, today mainly known for the Potency Viagra "),
Union Carbide (chemicals),
Allstate (insurance),
Monsanto (bio-tech company, who attracted attention recently negative than he provoked in India real popular uprisings. Monsanto had managed to register a patent on rice and forcing thus the poor farmers its genetically modified rice, of each year must be purchased). DuPont (international chemical giant), Eli Lilly (pharmaceutical manufacturers of dangerous luck drugs such as Prozac),
Ciba Geigy (Swiss pharmaceutical company, today merged to form Novartis, the Ritalinhersteller)
Clorox (household goods etc .) lead industry,
Coors (brewery),
Shell Oil (Rothschild), Standard Oil (Rockefeller),
Procter & Gamble, Boeing
,
General Motors,
Dow Chemical (multinational concern, agricultural, pharmaceutical, medical, chemical, oil, textile, paper u.vm.) General Mills (cereals, food),
Goodyear.
Note: All are bound Rothschild
Players
dozens of PR firms have emerged to meet the demand. These include: Burson-Marsteller, Edelman, Hill & Knowlton Kamer-Singer, Ketchum, Mongovin, Biscoe and Duchin, BSMG, Buder-Finn.
Although these well-known within the PR industry, we do not know these names - for good reason. The best PR is the unnoticed. For decades, they have established opinions, which are most of us grew up to virtually everything which removed has commercial value:
pharmaceutical drugs,
vaccines
the profession of medicine,
a bad opinion about alternative medicine,
fluoridation of drinking water,
chlorine,
dioxin,
global warming,
leaded gasoline,
cancer research and treatment,
pollution,
wood and forests,
image of celebrities,
crisis and disaster management including mitigation,
genetically modified foods
aspartame,
food additives (colors, flavors, aromas, etc.),
microwave,
meals,
dental amalgams.
Lesson 1
Bernays learned quickly that the first lesson, the most effective way to build credibility for a product or a concept, an assessment by an "independent third party," by an "independent body "So it.
example, if General Motors (GM) would then connect to the public that global warming just a stupid joke was that was set by a few tree doting liberals in the world, people would question the motives of GM, since GM finally generates a profit by selling cars.
However, if an independent research institution comes out with a very credible sounding name like the Global Climate Coalition "with a research report finds that global warming was just an imagination, people would be confused and have doubts as to the original view .
And that's exactly what Bernays did.
With a brilliant policy, he founded "more institutes and foundations as Rockefeller and Carnegie together. " Unobtrusive funded by those industries whose products were evaluated, these "independent" bodies and research institutions "scientific" studies and press releases would bubble out, which would create the image you want to have their makers.
Such front groups are given high-sounding names such as:
Temperature Research Foundation,
International Council for Food Information,
consumer protection,
coalition for the advancement of true science,
Foundation for clean air,
Foundation industrial health,
Manhattan Institute,
center for product quality,
Council of Tobacco Research Institute,
Cato Institute,
American Council on Science and Health,
Global Climate Coalition,
alliance for better food
They sound really, really pretty, right?
news canned
As Stauber said, these and countless similar sounding organizations front groups whose sole job is to make the Image of global corporations (which were listed above in part) to improve. And this happens to include an endless stream of "
press releases" to spread the "ground-breaking research results and the latest scientific findings
" to every radio station and every newspaper (J. Robbins. References, see below).
Many of these canned reports read like real news, and were actually put deliberately into the message format. This saves journalists the trouble nachzurecherchieren the topic itself, especially on issues on which they have little idea. Whole sections, or in the case of video news releases even complete, can not Machining with the reporter's byline, the newspaper or television station to be taken over!
finished news! Written by PR companies.
happen this really so? Yes, every single day since the 20's when the idea of the news by Ivy Lee was invented.
Sometimes based half of the reports of a Wall Street Journal edition alone on such PRPressemeldungen. Such reports are mixed just below properly researched reports. As long as you do not even a journalist or have their own research experience, you will notice the difference and difficulty.
The language of the rotation
When the twisting of the 20 pioneers like Ivy Leeb and Edward Bernays had gathered more experience, they began to formulate guidelines for the generation of public opinion.
They learned quickly that the psychology of the mob is focused on emotions and not on facts
. The PR Präsenation therefore be based not on logic but on presentation.
Here are some axioms (recognized scientific principle) of the new science called "PR":
technology is basically religious.
If the people are not capable of rational thought, then true democracy is dangerous.
Important decisions should be left to experts.
to navigate back to matters of substance, keep your distance, you create things.
comment if there are clearly demonstrable lies.
words are chosen for their emotional impact very carefully. Here's an example: A front group called the International Food Information Council handles the public aversion to genetically modified foods. Key words are repeated consistently throughout the text. The public instinctively afraid of facing new creations, which suddenly appear on the shelves of the vegetable vendors and said one of which is that their genetic material is manipulated.
The International Council for Food information to convince the public but from the "safety" of GM foods, so it avoids words like Frankenstein, Hitler, biotechnology, chemical, DNA, experiments, safety, scientists, radiation, genetic roulette Gen-fire, accident.
contains Instead, good PR for GM food words such as: intersection, natural order, beauty, election, donation, crossing species, variety, soil, organic, healthy ...
The fact that GM foods are not hybrids, which the slow and careful scientific methods of real cross-breeding were subjected to does not really matter. Here we are not dealing with pseudo-science, with real science. "The form is everything, the substance just a passing myth."
What do you mean, who is funding the International Food Information Council? Guess on it go! Correct: Monsanto, DuPont, Frito-Lay, Coca Cola, Nutrasweet - those who benefit from GM foods gain.
properties good propaganda
In the further development of mass control PR firms developed guidelines for effective action:
dehumanize the attacked party by naming them and then stamped to ....
Talk in splendid commonplaces with emotionally positive words.
If you are forced to concede something, they use a clear German; try to gain time, you are distracting.
Get Reviews from celebrities, churches, sports, street people a - by anyone who has no expertise on the subject at hand. The trick
for the "foot soldiers", our billionaires are only human like us.
when minimizing outrage, do not say anything memorable.
when minimizing outrage, highlight the benefits of what has happened. when minimizing outrage, avoid moral issues necessarily.
Remember this list. Begin to look for these techniques on the lookout. They are not hard to find - look in the newspaper or the television news. See what they do, the guys are good! to
Science rent
PR firms are very sent in the preparation of news stories become. They have learned to associate the names of famous scientists in the research, scientists, however, which do not have their nose also inserted a single time in the relevant research. In this way, editors of newspapers or news broadcasts is often not even aware that individual reports are complete fabrications PR.
Stauber tells the amazing story of how leaded gasoline was imposing. Discovered in 1922, General Motors (GM) that the addition of lead to gasoline more horsepower provided. As there were concerns about the safety, GM paid for the Mining Office, some to publish fake "experiments" carried out and fake research that "proved" that the inhalation of lead was harmless. We present in this context, Mr Charles Kettering.
Charles Kettering was not only the founder of the world famous Sloan-Kettering Memorial Institute for Medical Research, but also happened to board at General Motors
. By some strange coincidence, the Sloan-Kettering Institute brings out soon after reports that say that lead occurs naturally in the body, and that the body has the ability to excrete small amounts of it again. Through their association the Foundation for Industrial Hygiene (Industrial Hygiene Foundation) and the PR giant Hill & Knowlton boycotted Sloane-Kettering for many years all anti-lead studies with success (Stauber, p. 92).
was no organized scientific opposition in the next 60 years, more and more leaded gasoline, up to the 70 already 90% of the gasoline was leaded.
After long years of tireless, independent educational work the toxicity of lead, but too obvious to be more covered up to, and leaded gasoline was eliminated slowly in the late eighties. But were in the 60 years estimated 30 million tons of lead released in dust form on America's roads and highways. 30 million tons. That, friends, is the effect of lies PR.
wrote in 1993 a guy named Peter Huber, a book called "Galileo's Revenge". In it he coined a new term, so-called "junk science
.
Huber's shallow thesis was that real science promotes technology, industry and progress. Everything else is junk science. Not surprisingly, Stauber explains how Huber's book was funded by the industry-based Manhattan Institute.
Huber's book was generally little respected, not only because it was written weakly, but also because he failed to understand one fact:
true scientific investigation begins with no conclusion
. True scientists are looking for the truth because they do not yet know what the truth is. True scientific methods look like:
We formed a hypothesis.
You make predictions for this hypothesis.
You check the predictions experimentally.
reject Man, confirm or revise the hypothesis based on research results.
The Boston University researchers Dr. David Ozonoff be said that ideas in science are something like "living organisms" that nurtured, cared for and cultivated with (financial) resources would have to enable them to flourish and grow. Great ideas that do not receive these funds because of commercial viewing angles are, therefore, hardly on, they wither and die.
Another sign by which you often true and false science differ from each other, is that real science points out flaws in their research. false science pretends that there are no defects were
.
real junk science
Group sponsored research, whether in the field of medicine, the GM food or the chemistry start with the proposed conclusions.
It was therefore an object of the modern scientist, the truth "of these pre-desired and required" conclusions "to later" prove "because this" proof "of the money-making industry brings economic benefits!
This annoying prostitution of science has shifted the entire focus of research in America during the last fifty years dramatically - as any honest scientists will readily acknowledge.
Stauber documents the increasing amount of corporate-sponsored university research, however, has nothing to do with the pursuit of knowledge. Scientists complain that the once objective research had now degenerated into a commercially available commodity.
main objectives in real science
It shocked when Stauber shows how the vast majority of corporate PR today opposes any research themselves, trying to protect public health or the environment.
The term "junk science" are defamed those that reveal the threat to our environment or health. The industrial policy and it is to market their products and ideas only a matter of creating the illusion of health and the illusion of environmental protection.
money changing only the owner, if research institutes provide the desired result, whether it is true according to strict scientific criteria or not.
True public health and real protection of our environment have little market value!
Stauber believes that in this context is ironic that of all the self-proclaimed "debunkers of junk science" is usually even non-scientists, or are themselves junk scientists. Why be real scientists? The challenge does not mean science but creation of Image.
offensive language
If
attack PR firms
recognized environmental groups and people from the alternative medicine, they use words, hand out an emotional blow: cruel, dangerous, dubious, bizarre, junk science, sensitive, troublemakers, irresponsible phobia hoax alarmist, hysterical ...
If the next time a newspaper article about an environmental or health issue Read note how the author's bias shows through the use of such words. This is the result of a very special training.
is Another standard PR tactic to use the language of environmentalists to defend a dangerous and untested product that represents a real threat to the environment or health.
This we see in "
PR smokescreen" that surrounds genetically modified foods
. They say that GM foods are necessary to produce more food can do to fight world hunger, etc., but have in fact Genlebensmittel even a lower yield per hectare of arable land as a natural grain!
The penny drops when you realize that almost all Gennahrungsmittel were created by the producers of herbicides and pesticides, so that the plants to withstand greater doses of herbicides and pesticides can (from "The Magic Bean", book by Tim O 'Shea).
"preliminary examination"
"publish or perish" is the slogan of today and the classic dilemma of every research scientist. If you want to receive funding for the next research project, should publish better his current research papers in leading scientific journals.
We know why all the scientific magazines such as JAMA (Journal of the American Medical Association, publication of the American Medical Association), "New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM)," British Medical Journal "and so a pre-test . perform
pre-test means that all items that are actually published between the full-color drug ads and pharmaceutical Ausfaltblättern by some really smart types (with a lot of letters of recommendation) reviewed be.
Some credulous would assume that is the condition that it creates an article by the preliminary examination, those that contained scientific findings have been cut and puncture resistant are verified.
But there are unfortunately a few minor problems with this device.
The first is money. Although even
prestigious and venerable medical journals pretend, objectively and not be corrupt, the truth is that they must consider the same thing as all the glossy magazines also: "Put up with your advertisers to not" young, This full-page drug ads in magazines with the best cost millions!
How long is a pharmaceutical company would pay for advertising space in a magazine, if this post some very reasonable scientific papers would have attacked the safety of the drug, which can be admired on the double page in the middle of this issue? Think about it. The editors are not so stupid, yes.
Another problem is the conflict of interest.
There is a formal requirement for all medical journals that any financial relationship between an author and the product manufacturer, shall be described in the article. In practice, this is not available. In a study done in 1997 in 147 medical journals not found a single explanation. (Wall Street Journal, 2 Feb 99)
Then there are the obvious Department of pages. A drug company may simply pay $ 100,000 to a magazine, so a well-meaning article is printed.
fraud in pre-audited magazines is nothing new. In 1987, the New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM) published an article that over seven years, followed the research of R. Slutsky MD. During this time, Slutsky published 137 articles in several pre-audited magazines.
the NEJM found that could be found in at least 60 of these 137 articles evidence of a large-scale fraud in science and several misrepresentations, including:
reports of data from experiments which were never implemented.
reports of test results that were never made.
reports of statistical reports that were never made (Engler).
Dr. phil. Dean Black describes what he calls the "Babel" effect (similar to the Tower of Babel).
The "Babel" effect is the result when these are very common and usual scientific and fraudulent data in unaudited pre-audited magazines or taken by other researchers quoted in the back of another and so on. One writes from the other and the source was a "pre-approved" Report (
this is also all there is to know the origin of AIDS. "There is not one serious, sincere, logical, understandable, basic scientific publication
).
Look, for example, once after the McDonald's advertising, which so often appears in the Journal of the American Medical Association (newspaper of the American Medical Association). And then you remember, remember that this is the same publication that has published almost 50 years, cigarette advertising, it was alleged in the tobacco had health benefits (Robbins). Really very scientific, I must say.
the TV
throw away?
I hope this chapter helps to read articles in newspapers and magazines to something different, and perhaps also to see news programs on television with a somewhat different setting. Always ask yourself "What the sale because the moment?", And: Who sold it "
And if you actually follow the book by Stauber and Rampton and investigate some of the sources listed below, you could perhaps even the possible catch,
your life a tiny bit to improve by simply refusing to suspend your mind the mass media.
Properly understood - no newspapers, no television news, no Time magazine or Newsweek. You can actually create. Just think what you could start alone with the extra time.
you really feel as if they "relax" would, or if you need to know "what's out there in the world to himself," and every day for several hours? Think a minute about the news in recent years after. Do you really believe that the big stories, which have dominated headlines and TV news reported, in fact, "what out there in the world was going on? Do you really think that there is nothing else - in addition to technology invented breakdown of the invented power shortages, the filtered reports of foreign violence and disaster and all the other "Stock Set," which the puppeteers perform daily in front of us?
What if they play a really great thing about OJ Simpson or Monica Lewinsky or the Oklahoma City bombing or of 11 September
. Do we really know all the details, every day? Could we verifzieren for ever in all the details, if we wanted to? What is the purpose of news? The public to inform? Hardly.
The sole purpose of news is to keep the public in fear and uncertainty so that it turns on again tomorrow and the same is exposed to advertising. An over-simplification? Of course. This is the hallmark of mass media domination -
simplification. The invisible hand
. As Edward L. Bernays said
"The people must be controlled without it knows!"
Consider: What really went on in the world, while they distract us with all the stupid and annoying smoke screen have?
fear and uncertainty - which can people keep coming back for more details.
If this seems like a radical idea, let us go one step further:
lose What would you do if you would all stop, read newspapers and watch television
? Would your life really financial, moral, intellectual, literary, academic or spiritual loss suffered by such a decision?
you need to constantly expose your family to those uneducated, immoral, wrong, uncultured and desperately brainless values, which is exposed in the average night program is?
Are they wrong, programmed robots normal "? Do you have your life values constantly supplementation with a spoon? Are these shows really amusing, or just a necessary distraction from the reality, or try to do myself out a few things - by a little independent reading, for example?
you give an example of how your life has improved by the sight of television news or reading the evening paper? What measurable gain it has brought them?
no question that we as Nation are more stupid from year to year. Look at the president that we have selected last.
Have you noticed the prominent grammatical mistakes that are so common in today's advertising and promotional posters.
reading and writing in most American high schools, secondary. Three quarters of the students completed the California High Schools can not read enough to pass their final exams (SJ Mercury 20 July 2001).
If you think that there are other parts of the country's lighter, do the following test times
: Submit a
any degree students a book by Dumas or Jane Austen, and ask him to read aloud from a randomly opened pages only a paragraph. Go on, try it. (Scholastic Aptitude to enable tests, tests that general statements about the academic performance of all students) The scale of the "SAT" are arbitrarily reduced still further to cover up to be as dumb and dumber, the children from year to year.
the way, you know what ADD? ADD: A Designer Disease "(a designer disease, an invented, constructed, designed disease).
least 10% of children have attested to "learning disability ', that is treated with special treatment and special drugs. Or have you never heard of one who is still sitting?
Observe the development of the intellectual level of the average movie (which these days is now just one look to two weeks at the movies, especially if it is not enough explosions, car chases, silicone, has alleged martial arts and feeble-minded dialogue).
radio?
Consider the low mental qualifications of artificial moving normal monkeys as DJ `s to be set - it seems as whether they had been allowed only 50 different ideas, they just repeat random. And when pop music was to the requirement to study a musical instrument or theory from itself, not to mention lyric poetry? Maybe we just understand this emerging art form, or? "Darwinism," a la MTV:
the monkey is on the individual.
Have you ever noticed that all glossy magazines act as if they were written by the same guy?
And as if these writers have just brought the elementary school behind? And yet the guy has all the correct opinions played on social issues. Although no original ideas, but those shallow, self-satisfied and homogenized omniscience, to assure us that everything is fine. Yes, everything is fine.
This is a great news for the PR industry, the lack of education makes her work immensely. Not only that, hardly any of his attention focused on the process of conditioning;
an even smaller minority of the population is able to understand the matter, if you told her!
tea break in the cafeteria
Imagine, you are in a crowded cafeteria and buy a cup of tea. And when they do sit down, they look at the other end of the room your friend. So switch off your cup running through the room and chat for a few minutes with your friend.
Coming back to your tea, you'll go back and drink it? You remember a crowded place and you have left your tea unattended for several minutes. Everyone in this room had access to your tea. With your mind it is no different. Activities such as turning on the television or the daily critical mass absorbed publications allow almost anyone access to your mind - each with a goal to form with the means of popular media for public opinion. Something read or seen on TV have not mean that it is true or even worth knowing.
The moral of the story:
As the cup of tea, so is her mind, it deserves to be guarded, and value, not to let anybody approach.
This is YOUR life, and their time, large capital. Why should we waste this form by allowing our potential, our personality, our values to the whims of the mass yield, edit and restrict leave?
There are certainly require many more important decisions that are crucial for our physical, mental and spiritual well-being, decisions, information and research.
If money is in play are not easy to obtain objective data.
Remember this: If everyone knows one thing, then, the image has been bought and paid for.
Real knowledge is to achieve a bit more effort to look as a TV! A little excavation work is necessary. You have to dig deeper than at least one floor up to that point, "what everybody knows."
need your milk as an adult can not give up. 
Some examples: 
The fact that GM foods are not hybrids, which the slow and careful scientific methods of real cross-breeding were subjected to does not really matter. Here we are not dealing with pseudo-science, with real science. "The form is everything, the substance just a passing myth."